apply,call,bind 的异同

相同点

1. 更改this指向

TIP

MDN:bind() 方法会创建一个新函数。当这个新函数被调用时，bind() 的第一个参数将作为它运行时的 this，之后的一序列参数将会在传递的实参前传入作为它的参数

let obj = {
    a: 1,
    b: 2,
    test() {
        console.log(this.a + this.b)
    }
}

obj.test()  // 3
obj.test.apply({ a: 2, b: 2 })  // 4
obj.test.call({ a: 3, b: 3 }) // 6
obj.test.bind({ a: 4, b: 4 })() // 8

不同点

传参方式不一样

• bind(this,...argv)
• call(this,...argv)
• apply(this,[...argv])

function test(a, b) {
    console.log(this, a + b)
}

test.call('call', 1, 2) // [String: 'call'] 3
test.apply('apply', [2, 4]) // [String: 'apply'] 6
test.bind('bind', 3, 6)() // [String: 'bind'] 9

简单实现

测试用例

function test(a, b) {
    console.log(this, a + b)
}

mycall

Function.prototype.mycall = function (thisArg) {
    if (typeof this !== 'function') {
        throw "error"
    }
    if (!(thisArg instanceof Object)) {
        thisArg = new Object(thisArg)
    }
    thisArg = thisArg || window
    thisArg.fn = this
    let args = [...arguments].slice(1)
    let res = thisArg.fn(...args)
    delete thisArg.fn
    return res
}
test.mycall({ a: 1, b: 2 }, 1, 2) // { a: 1, b: 2, fn: [Function: test] } 3

// 不考虑边界情况的简单写法
Function.prototype.myCall = function (thisArg, ...argArray) {
    thisArg = thisArg || window
    thisArg.fn = this
    let res = thisArg.fn(...argArray)
    delete thisArg.fn
    return res
}

myapply

Function.prototype.myapply = function (thisArg) {
    thisArg = thisArg || window
    if (!(thisArg instanceof Object)) {
        thisArg = new Object(thisArg)
    }
    thisArg.fn = this
    let res = null
    if (arguments[1]) {
        res = thisArg.fn(...arguments[1])
    } else {
        res = thisArg.fn()
    }
    delete thisArg.fn
    return res
}
test.myapply({ a: 2, b: 4 }, [4, 4]) // { a: 2, b: 4, fn: [Function: test] } 8

// 简单写法
Function.prototype.myApply = function (thisArg, argArray = []) {
    thisArg = thisArg || window
    thisArg.fn = this
    let res
    if (argArray.length === 0) {
        res = thisArg.fn()
    } else {
        res = thisArg.fn(...argArray)
    }
    delete thisArg.fn
    return res
}

mybind

Function.prototype.mybind = function (thisArg) {
    const that = this
    const args = [...arguments].slice(1)
    return function F() {
        const bindArgs = args.concat(...arguments)
        if (this instanceof F) {
            return new that(...bindArgs)
        }
        return that.apply(thisArg,bindArgs)
    }
}

test.mybind('123', 4, 5)() // [String: '123'] 9